Types of VPN and VPN protocols in Malaysia

A virtual private network (VPN) is a service that creates a secure connection between your devices and the internet. It works by encrypting all the data transmitted from your device to the internet, creating a secure tunnel for you to remain anonymous online.

Types of VPN

There are two types of VPN which are Remote access VPN and Site to Site VPN.

Remote access VPN

A remote-access virtual private network (VPN) allows users to connect to a private network and remotely use its services and resources. The user’s connection to the private network is established over the internet, providing a secure and private channel for users to browse the internet freely and anonymously.

It also allows users to connect to their company’s private network and access files and resources remotely. VPN services are generally used to increase online privacy and security, evade regional Internet restrictions, and access restricted websites.

Site to Site VPN

A Site-to-Site VPN, also known as a Router-to-Router VPN, is used in big-sized companies. Site-to-site VPN connects the network of one office location to another office location for companies with offices in different geographical areas. 

There are 2 types of Site to Site VPN services:

• Intranet-based is used when numerous offices of the same firm are connected using Site-to-Site VPN.
• Extranet-based VPN is used to connect numerous businesses to share data and resources safely.

Site-to-site VPNs function by building a bridge between networks at geographically distant offices and connecting them via the internet to ensure safe and private communication.

Types of VPN Protocols 

VPN protocols will determine how data is transported across a connection, and each of the protocols offers different features and levels of security. Some VPN protocols prioritise data throughput speed, while others focus on masking or encrypting data packets for privacy and security. Here are the types of VPN protocols:

Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)

IPSec is a protocol for securing internet communication across an IP network. It protects Internet Protocol communication by validating and encrypting each data packet sent and received. 

IPSec has two modes, transport mode and tunnelling mode. The tunnelling mode will encrypt the entire data packet, while the transport mode encrypts only the message within the data packet. 

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, or L2TP, is a tunnelling protocol that is frequently used with another VPN security protocol, such as IPSec, to create a highly secure VPN connection. L2TP creates a tunnel between two L2TP connection points, and the IPSec protocol will encrypt the data and ensure that the tunnel remains safe.

OpenVPN

OpenVPN is a free and open-source virtual private network (VPN) that is used to establish point-to-point and site-to-site connections. It employs a standard security mechanism based on SSL and TLS.

Point–to–Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is one of the oldest and most widely used VPN protocols. The PPTP protocol, or Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol, creates a tunnel and limits the data packet within it. The data between the connections are encrypted using the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), providing high connection speeds for users who do not require heavy encryption. 

SSL and TLS

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) works by generating a VPN connection. The web browser acts as the client, and access to specific applications rather than the entire network is restricted. When web browsers are integrated with SSL and TLS, switching to SSL is simple and requires almost no action from the user. 

Secure Shell (SSH)

Secure Shell (SSH) creates the VPN tunnel over which data is transferred and ensures that it is encrypted. An SSH client creates SSH connections, which allow data to be sent from a local port to a remote server through an encrypted tunnel.

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